How to get better results from your 3D printer – Calibrating Hardware
With the recent launch of the Thing-O-Matic, I’ve collected a number of ways to get a better result from a 3D printer. 1 If you’ve got a suggestion, please let me know in the comments! Some of these tips are more important to the Cupcake, some are really only applicable to certain versions of these printers, but they’re all considerations when trying to get the best possible prints from your robot.
- Calibrate Hardware. The most obvious way to get a better print is to calibrate your machine’s hardware. These kinds of tweaks could take a number of forms. You could:
- Make sure all of the bolts/nuts are tightened properly.
- Make sure all pulleys are tightened properly to their bolts.
- Get the right tension on the belts by setting the proper tension on the pulleys. There are a few pulley tensioners on Thingiverse that could help with this issue for Cupcakes.
- Make sure the bearings on the X and Y axes slide smoothly. If the hole the bearings slide into are too tight, they will cause the bearings to bind up on the precision rods. The solution is to sand the hole slightly to widen it.
- Insert something springy between the X or Y axis end caps and the X or Y axes. 2 This reduces play, noise, and will ensure a slightly better print job when it comes to small details. There are printable end caps that help reduce this problem.3
- Make sure the extruder has the proper filament tension.4
- Adjust your stepper motor torque for the Thing-O-Matic or Cupcake. You want enough power that the stage moves in a responsive manner and won’t lose steps, but low enough that you’re not overheating the motor or operating in a needlessly noisy way.
- Thing-O-Matic: Make sure the endstops are properly and securely adjusted. If there is any wiggle, you could get variable starting build heights.
- Thing-O-Matic: Make sure the cables running to the X and Y stages have enough slack to work and but not so much they will get caught on something.
- Thing-O-Matic: Make sure you’ve run the wires down the proper sides. Even if you have your Thing-O-Matic wired properly, running the wires near to the wrong wires can lead to EM noise which could case printing problems.
- Cupcake: Level your build platform.
- Cupcake: Level your Z stage.
- Cupcake: Reduce the play between the XY axis stage and the XY build platform.
- Cupcake: Make sure there is no grime in the Z rod threads.
- Cupcake: Replace warped Z rods.
- Cupcake: Add Z axis wobble arrestors.
- Cupcake: Widen the Z axis holder on the Z platform by sanding the notch if you’re having a problem with just one bent rod.
- Cupcake: Take the clamp off the worst Z axis rod and double-clamp the best Z axis rod (via the MakerBot Support Stream and Charles Pax).
More tips on getting better print results tomorrow!
- How to get better results from your 3D printer – Calibrating Hardware
- How to get better results from your 3D printer – Upgrading Hardware
- How to get better results from your 3D printer – Calibrating Software
- How to get better results from your 3D printer – Maintenance
- How to get better results from your 3D printer – Abrasion
- How to get better results from your 3D printer – Heat
- How to get better results from your 3D printer – Coating
| Tagged with | calibrate, calibration, hardware, hardware calibration, improve, improving print, makerbot, print quality, quality | 10 comments |



10 Comments so far
Twotimes
For no. 5 here:
http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:4617
http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:3745
hybot
other things in my notes not mentioned already:
print from the SD card for complex parts.
keep chamber temp above 70 F. use paper or tin foil if need to cover side openings.
store filament inside, warm and dry.
set the heated platform temp to 110 C.
for small objects, print two or more; allows better cooling between layers.
after first layer, use a small fan or blow on the print to prevent sagging.
for shallow slopes, print from inside out.
when printing raftless, enable outline and disable wipe in SF to avoid initial blobs.
use green frogtape on top of blue tape for much improved adhesion.
tie down the printer to a sturdy surface to minimize vibrations.
keep feed rate under 60mm/s to minimize vibrations and belt skips.
read everything Dave Durant has written on skeinforge.
MakerBlock
@Hybot: DUDE! Those are awesome! I’m working on a couple of other posts that have more to do with Skeinforge calibration and will definitely incorporate some of these. (I agree – Dave Durant is a must-read)
hybot
a couple more (and sorry about the missing formatting in my first response — ya know, a preview feature here would be welcome
keep your software updated. RepG and Skeinforge are in rapid improvement right now, and you want to take advantage of that. the firmware is also getting worked on, although i don't really follow what's happening there.
if curling is still an issue, consider printing in PLA.
grease your rods and rails.
make sure your filament isn't binding -- use a spindle of some sort, or watch it carefully.
preheat your platform and print head 10 to 15 minutes for long prints, to let the temperature swings settle. (even if you've calibrated your PID settings, which you have, right?). but this may shorten the life of your thermal resistors, given they're already working beyond their specs.
read the forums and ask questions if needed. odds are someone else has seen your issues, and many are willing to help. post pictures for the best responses.
there are also many worthy hardware upgrades, but not everyone has the the time, money, skills, or interest in them. however, there are a couple of very easy and inexpensive hardware improvements that you can do that don’t really rise to the level of an “upgrade” but can still make a difference:
put a meat thermometer on your Z stage to track chamber temperature.
install a light so that you can see what is actually happening during the print. point it at the build platform from the inside top front and it won't get in the way of anything. simplest is a stick-up battery powered LED needing no wiring.
save the 2 big side scrap "cutout" wood panels that came with your ToM; one of them held parts for the HBP, and the Z platform was inside the other. glue tin foil or paper to the inside and put old drawer pulls (or plain wood screws) on the outside for handles. overlap the sides a bit for a compressible seal. tape little nubins if necessary on the inside to keep the panels from pushing in too far. you now have perfectly fitted, rigid removable back and side panels, and you don't have to hassle with taped paper panels.
use the back cutout panel as a template to cut another one for the front out of clear polycarbonate plastic. tape the left side of this to the front of your ToM with clear packing tape and you have a see-through hinged front door that the ABP can pop open.
hybot
grrrr. a bulleted or enumerated list, a paragraph, or even a simple break HTML element in comments sure would be nice.
Patrik
For the Z axis wobble – forget about the wobble arrestors, unless you truly have a bent rod (i.e. if it doesn’t roll smoothly on a flat surface). I think this thread in the forum pretty well identified the problem with the Z axis, and an effective solution: Bent Z-axis rod fix (likely fix).
The issue seems to be that the nuts clamped on either side of the bearings on the threaded rod tend to clamp the bearings off-center, which makes the rods wobble, even if they’re actually straight. We changed the bearings and nuts to the arrangement suggested in v2kai’s post, and that completely solved our quite serious wobble problem. We also lined up the Z pulleys so all the set screws point in the same direction, and that made the Z motor run far more smoothly and greatly reduced the Z axis noise. Problem solved!
Mind you, if you really do have a bent rod, by all means replace it. But don’t assume you have a bent rod just because you see a wobble…
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whosawhatsis
@Patrik Awesome tip. I just finished making this change and I see a HUGE improvement, thanks.
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